The right to personal liberty and security is one of the most important human rights principles that is emphasized in Article 9 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and Article 5 of the European Convention on Human Rights. The right to personal liberty and security means that every individual has the right to enjoy freedom and security under the protection of the law and human rights standards.Within this framework, any arbitrary threat to personal liberty and security is prohibited, and deprivation of liberty is an exception that is only possible by a legally competent authority and documented in legal proceedings and with due regard for the balance that arises from respect for the principle of individual freedom.Given the importance of the right to personal liberty and security, this research is an attempt to better and more comprehensively understand this right and is also an attempt to examine the degree of coordination of Islamic regulations with the universal standards of the aforementioned right. Therefore, an attempt has been made to conduct a comparative study between the regulations on the deprivation of physical liberty of individuals in Islamic law and international human rights standards. This study examines the foundations and evolution of the right to liberty and security of person, examining freedom and the presumption of innocence as the two main foundations of the right to liberty and security of person.It also addresses the prohibition of arbitrary deprivation of liberty of individuals other than in cases of temporary detention.